Abstract
The paper estimates the impacts of climate change, agroecological and socio-economic characteristics on agricultural productivity and efficiency changes in Bangladesh agriculture using a rich panel dataset of 17 regions covering a period of 61-years (1948–2008). Results revealed that land has the most dominant role in increasing agricultural production followed by labour and irrigation. The contribution of non-cereal crops (i.e., potatoes, pulses, oilseeds, jute and cash crops) to total production are also significant, ranging from 2 to 8% per annum. An increase in annual-rainfall and long-term-temperature (LTT) significantly enhance production. Production is significantly higher in floodplain agroecologies. However, production efficiency fluctuated sharply and declined overtime. The mean efficiency score of 0.74 implies substantial room to improve production by resource reallocation. Average farm size, crop specialization and investment in R&D significantly improve efficiency whereas increases in annual temperature-variability and LTT significantly reduce efficiency. Efficiency is significantly lower in low-lying floodplain and coastal-plain agroecologies. Policy implications include investments in diversifying cropping portfolio into other cereals (i.e., wheat and maize), research to develop crop varieties suited to changing climatic conditions and specific agroecological regions, and land/tenurial reforms to consolidate farm size to enhance productivity and efficiency of Bangladesh agriculture.
DOI
10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104507
Publication Date
2020-05-01
Publication Title
Land Use Policy
Volume
94
Publisher
Elsevier BV
ISSN
0264-8377
Embargo Period
2024-11-19
First Page
104507
Last Page
104507
Recommended Citation
Rahman, S., & Anik, A. (2020) 'Productivity and efficiency impact of climate change and agroecology on Bangladesh agriculture', Land Use Policy, 94, pp. 104507-104507. Elsevier BV: Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104507
