ORCID
- Caroline Floccia: 0000-0003-3931-9791
Abstract
This article investigates the barriers and enablers to quality early childhood education and care (ECEC) in Lebanon’s complex and multilingual context. In this qualitative study, 56 stakeholders—ministry representatives, NGOs, educators, parents, and healthcare professionals—were interviewed. The study reveals a fragmented governance structure and inequitable funding that impact the quality and equitable access to ECEC provision. Despite the value placed on ECEC and OL, systemic weaknesses, including inadequate staff compensation and donor-driven priorities, constrain progress. Findings also highlight grassroots resilience, with committed educators and NGOs adapting to meet local needs. Using Kagan’s system-level framework and Torii et al.’s (2017) quality domains as a multilevel systems lens, this study offers practical policy recommendations to support coordinated, equitable ECEC in Lebanon.
DOI Link
Publication Date
2026-05-20
Publication Title
Gulf Education and Social Policy Review
Volume
7
Issue
1
ISSN
2709-0191
Deposit Date
2026-05-28
Funding
GCRF ESRC
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Recommended Citation
Bassaj, R., & Floccia, C. (2026) 'Unpacking Barriers and Enablers to Quality Early Childhood Education and Care in Lebanon: A Multi-level Perspective', Gulf Education and Social Policy Review, 7(1). Available at: 10.18502/gespr.v7i1.19436
