Decoding Music-Evoked Emotions in the Auditory and Motor Cortex
Authors
Vesa Putkinen, University of Turku
Sanaz Nazari-Farsani, University of Turku
Kerttu Seppälä, University of Turku
Tomi Karjalainen, University of Turku
Lihua Sun, University of Turku
Henry K. Karlsson, University of Turku
Matthew Hudson, School of Psychology
Timo T. Heikkilä, University of Turku
Jussi Hirvonen, National College of Ireland
Lauri Nummenmaa, University of Turku
Abstract
Abstract Music can induce strong subjective experience of emotions, but it is debated whether these responses engage the same neural circuits as emotions elicited by biologically significant events. We examined the functional neural basis of music-induced emotions in a large sample (n = 102) of subjects who listened to emotionally engaging (happy, sad, fearful, and tender) pieces of instrumental music while their hemodynamic brain activity was measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Ratings of the four categorical emotions and liking were used to predict hemodynamic responses in general linear model (GLM) analysis of the fMRI data. Multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) was used to reveal discrete neural signatures of the four categories of music-induced emotions. To map neural circuits governing non-musical emotions, the subjects were scanned while viewing short emotionally evocative film clips. The GLM revealed that most emotions were associated with activity in the auditory, somatosensory, and motor cortices, cingulate gyrus, insula, and precuneus. Fear and liking also engaged the amygdala. In contrast, the film clips strongly activated limbic and cortical regions implicated in emotional processing. MVPA revealed that activity in the auditory cortex and primary motor cortices reliably discriminated the emotion categories. Our results indicate that different music-induced basic emotions have distinct representations in regions supporting auditory processing, motor control, and interoception but do not strongly rely on limbic and medial prefrontal regions critical for emotions with survival value.
Publication Date
2021-03-31
Publication Title
Cerebral Cortex
Embargo Period
9999-12-31
Recommended Citation
Putkinen, V.,
Nazari-Farsani, S.,
Seppälä, K.,
Karjalainen, T.,
Sun, L.,
Karlsson, H.,
Hudson, M.,
Heikkilä, T.,
Hirvonen, J.,
&
Nummenmaa, L.
(2021)
'Decoding Music-Evoked Emotions in the Auditory and Motor Cortex',
Cerebral Cortex, 31(5), pp. 2549-2560.
Available at: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa373" >https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaa373