ORCID

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Propolis mouthwash (PROP-M) has demonstrated antibacterial properties like those of chlorhexidine mouthwash (CHX-M). However, its impact on the abundance of oral nitrite-producing species (NPS) and nitrite-producing activity (NPA) remains unexplored.

METHODS: Forty-five healthy individuals were randomised into 2 groups to rinse their mouth twice a day for seven days with either CHX-M ( n  = 21) or PROP-M ( n  = 24). Metagenomic sequencing (16S rRNA) was performed on saliva samples collected before and after each treatment. Additionally, salivary biomarkers and blood pressure were measured.

RESULTS: CHX-M increased the relative abundance of NPS ( p  < 0.001) but significantly impaired the NPA ( p  < 0.001) compared to baseline and PROP-M. No significant differences in the relative abundance of NPS and NPA were observed in the PROP-M group. However, a significant increase of plasma nitrate (+7 µmol/L, p  = 0.047) and a decrease in systolic BP (-2 mmHg, p  = 0.022) was observed in this group compared to the baseline.

CONCLUSION: The results indicate that PROP-M had a smaller effect on the abundance of NPS and NPA compared to CHX-M. Additionally, PROP-M reduced blood pressure in healthy individuals, but this effect was not associated with changes in the oral microbiome.

Publication Date

2024-12-16

Publication Title

Journal of Oral Microbiology

Volume

17

Issue

1

ISSN

2000-2297

Keywords

blood pressure, chlorhexidine, microbiome, nitrate, nitric oxide, nitrite, Propolis

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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10.1080/20002297.2024.2439636" data-hide-no-mentions="true">

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