ORCID

Abstract

The exhaled breath represents an ideal matrix for non-invasive biomarker discovery, and exhaled metabolomics have the potential to be clinically useful in the era of precision medicine. In this concise translational review we will specifically address volatile organic compounds in the breath, with a view towards fulfilling the promise of these as actionable biomarkers, in particular for lung diseases. We review the literature paying attention to seminal work linked to key milestones in breath research; discuss potential applications for breath biomarkers across disease areas and healthcare systems, including the perspectives of industry; and outline critical aspects of study design that will need to be considered for any pivotal research going forward, if breath analysis is to provide robust validated biomarkers that meet the requirements for future clinical implementation.

Publication Date

2024-06-18

Publication Title

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

Volume

210

Issue

9

Acceptance Date

2024-05-02

Deposit Date

2024-07-01

Funding

Supported by the European Union's HORIZON Innovation Actions HORIZON-CL3-2021-DRS-01-05 (grant agreement no. 101073924, ONELAB) (to P.B.); by the Community for Analytical Measurement Science (CAMS) through a 2021 CAMS Lectureship Award funded by the Analytical Chemistry Trust Fund (to M.W.); and by the NIHR-Manchester Biomedical Research Centre (to W.A., R.W., and S.J.F.). This work was conducted as part of the asthma and COPD workflow (WP8) of the European Precision Medicine Project 3TR, a project that received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement no 831434. The JU receives support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and EFPIA (European Foundation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associates). The content of this publication reflects only the authors' views, and the JU is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. Supported by the European Union\u2019s HORIZON Innovation Actions HORIZON-CL3-2021-DRS-01-05 (grant agreement no. 101073924, ONELAB) (to P.B.); by the Community for Analytical Measurement Science (CAMS) through a 2021 CAMS Lectureship Award funded by the Analytical Chemistry Trust Fund (to M.W.); and by the NIHR-Manchester Biomedical Research Centre (to W.A., R.W., and S.J.F.). This work was conducted as part of the asthma and COPD workflow (WP8) of the European Precision Medicine Project 3TR, a project that received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement no 831434. The JU receives support from the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and EFPIA (European Foundation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associates). The content of this publication reflects only the authors\u2019 views, and the JU is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

Keywords

Biomarkers/analysis, Breath Tests/methods, Exhalation/physiology, Humans, Lung Diseases/diagnosis, Metabolomics/methods, Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis, technology readiness level, volatile organic compounds, precision medicine, biomarker, breath tests

First Page

1079

Last Page

1090

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