Abstract
Fish toxicity testing has been conducted since the 1860's in order to help define safe levels of chemical contaminants in lakes, rivers and coastal waters. The historical emphasis on acute lethality testing of chemicals has more recently focussed on long term sublethal effects of chemicals on fish and their prey species. Fish toxicity testing is now embedded in much environment legislation on chemical safety while it is recognized that animal use should be Replaced, Reduced and Refined (the 3Rs) where possible. The OECD Fish Toxicity Testing Framework provides a useful structure with which to address the needs of environmental safety assessment whilst implementing the 3Rs. This commentary aims to promote the implementation of the recommendations of the OECD Fish Toxicity Testing Framework.
DOI
10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.02.006
Publication Date
2016-02-09
Publication Title
Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP
Volume
76
First Page
231
Last Page
233
ISSN
0273-2300
Embargo Period
2017-04-28
Organisational Unit
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 International License.
Recommended Citation
Hutchinson, T., Wheeler, J., Gourmelon, A., & Burden, N. (2016) 'Promoting the 3Rs to enhance the OECD fish toxicity testing framework.', Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP, 76, pp. 231-233. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.02.006
