ORCID

Abstract

Non-terminal and terminal events in semi-competing risks data are typically associated and may be influenced by covariates. We employed regression modeling for semi-competing risks data under a copula-based framework to evaluate the effects of covariates on the two events and the association between them. Due to the complexity of the copula structure, we propose a new method that integrates a novel two-step algorithm with the Bound Optimization by Quadratic Approximation (BOBYQA) method. This approach effectively mitigates the influence of initial values and demonstrates greater robustness. The simulations validate the performance of the proposed method. We further applied our proposed method to the Amsterdam Cohort Study (ACS) real data, where some improvements could be found.

Publication Date

2025-05-13

Publication Title

Entropy

Volume

27

Issue

5

ISSN

1099-4300

Keywords

Amsterdam Cohort Study, BOBYQA, copula, right censoring, semi-competing risks

First Page

521

Last Page

521

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