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dc.contributor.supervisorRoberts, Neil
dc.contributor.authorRice, Emma May
dc.contributor.otherSchool of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciencesen_US
dc.date.accessioned2017-08-04T09:33:31Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.date.issued2017
dc.identifier10083817en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/9666
dc.description.abstract

Peatlands in Southern South America (SSA), in the path of the Southern Westerly Wind belt (SWW), offer the potential of reliable palaeoclimate archives. This investigation aimed to test the late-Holocene climate signal related to variability of the SWW. Three sites were investigated: San Juan and Karukinka bog, southernmost Chile and San Carlos, a Sphagnum dominated bog, discovered in the Falkland Islands, to form a regional comparison. A multi-proxy approach was used, combining both palaeoecological and stable isotopic methods. At one site, Karukinka, intra-site replicability was tested across three profiles located along a microtopographical gradient. A low number of statistically significant correlations between proxies were evident. KAR-EM-1, the low-hummock profile, displayed the highest number of significant correlations, suggesting an optimal coring location. Chronological uncertainty in the high-hummock profile, KAR-EM-3, was the focus of discussion. Intra-site replicability between the palaeoecological records was improved by plotting the records against a ‘master chronology’, from the mid-hummock profile, KAR-EM-2, assuming a synchronous acrotelm-catotelm boundary across the profiles. The testate amoeba inferred depth to water table (WTD) reconstructions offered the highest intra-site coherence, while the stable isotope records suggested generally poor intra-site replicability. A semi-quantitative method of intra-site comparison was carried out which resulted in a number of climate scenarios. The inter-site comparison assessed correlations between the records from the three sites. A lack of significant correlations between the sites may have been due to regional climate variations and differences in the temporal resolution of the records. Robust climatic inferences were limited to the last 300 years. The WTD reconstructions displayed the highest inter-site coherence and suggested a drying trend after AD 1930 due to a southerly shift of the SWW. Late-Holocene climate variability was inferred from the palaeoecological records from Karukinka. Two periods were identified: a MCA period of generally wetter conditions (AD 750-1100) and a LIA period of overall drier conditions (~AD 1100-1900) during a southerly and northerly shifted SWW respectively, driven by solar variability and polar cell strengthening.

en_US
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherUniversity of Plymouth
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/*
dc.subjectPeatlandsen_US
dc.subjectSouthern South Americaen_US
dc.subjectSouthern Westerly Wind belten_US
dc.subjectLate-Holoceneen_US
dc.subjectPalaeoclimateen_US
dc.subjectPalaeoecological recordsen_US
dc.subjectMulti-proxyen_US
dc.subject.classificationPhDen_US
dc.titleTesting the late-Holocene climate signal from ombrotrophic bogs in southernmost Chile and the Falkland Islands: a multi-proxy, multi-profile and multi-site approachen_US
dc.typeThesis
plymouth.versionpublishableen_US
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.24382/676
dc.rights.embargodate2018-02-04T09:33:31Z
dc.rights.embargoperiod6 monthsen_US
dc.type.qualificationDoctorateen_US
rioxxterms.funderNatural Environment Research Councilen_US
rioxxterms.identifier.projectNERC algorithm PhD studentshipen_US
rioxxterms.versionNA


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