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dc.contributor.authorBergsten, J
dc.contributor.authorBilton, David
dc.contributor.authorFujisawa, T
dc.contributor.authorElliott, M
dc.contributor.authorMonaghan, MT
dc.contributor.authorBalke, M
dc.contributor.authorHendrich, L
dc.contributor.authorGeijer, J
dc.contributor.authorHerrmann, J
dc.contributor.authorFoster, GN
dc.contributor.authorRibera, I
dc.contributor.authorNilsson, AN
dc.contributor.authorBarraclough, TG
dc.contributor.authorVogler, AP
dc.date.accessioned2017-03-24T18:07:54Z
dc.date.available2017-03-24T18:07:54Z
dc.date.issued2012-10-01
dc.identifier.issn1063-5157
dc.identifier.issn1076-836X
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/8687
dc.description.abstract

Eight years after DNA barcoding was formally proposed on a large scale, CO1 sequences are rapidly accumulating from around the world. While studies to date have mostly targeted local or regional species assemblages, the recent launch of the global iBOL project (International Barcode of Life), highlights the need to understand the effects of geographical scale on Barcoding's goals. Sampling has been central in the debate on DNA Barcoding, but the effect of the geographical scale of sampling has not yet been thoroughly and explicitly tested with empirical data. Here, we present a CO1 data set of aquatic predaceous diving beetles of the tribe Agabini, sampled throughout Europe, and use it to investigate how the geographic scale of sampling affects 1) the estimated intraspecific variation of species, 2) the genetic distance to the most closely related heterospecific, 3) the ratio of intraspecific and interspecific variation, 4) the frequency of taxonomically recognized species found to be monophyletic, and 5) query identification performance based on 6 different species assignment methods. Intraspecific variation was significantly correlated with the geographical scale of sampling (R-square = 0.7), and more than half of the species with 10 or more sampled individuals (N = 29) showed higher intraspecific variation than 1% sequence divergence. In contrast, the distance to the closest heterospecific showed a significant decrease with increasing geographical scale of sampling. The average genetic distance dropped from > 7% for samples within 1 km, to < 3.5% for samples up to > 6000 km apart. Over a third of the species were not monophyletic, and the proportion increased through locally, nationally, regionally, and continentally restricted subsets of the data. The success of identifying queries decreased with increasing spatial scale of sampling; liberal methods declined from 100% to around 90%, whereas strict methods dropped to below 50% at continental scales. The proportion of query identifications considered uncertain (more than one species < 1% distance from query) escalated from zero at local, to 50% at continental scale. Finally, by resampling the most widely sampled species we show that even if samples are collected to maximize the geographical coverage, up to 70 individuals are required to sample 95% of intraspecific variation. The results show that the geographical scale of sampling has a critical impact on the global application of DNA barcoding. Scale-effects result from the relative importance of different processes determining the composition of regional species assemblages (dispersal and ecological assembly) and global clades (demography, speciation, and extinction). The incorporation of geographical information, where available, will be required to obtain identification rates at global scales equivalent to those in regional barcoding studies. Our result hence provides an impetus for both smarter barcoding tools and sprouting national barcoding initiatives-smaller geographical scales deliver higher accuracy.

dc.format.extent851-869
dc.format.mediumPrint-Electronic
dc.languageen
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherOxford University Press (OUP)
dc.subjectAgabini
dc.subjectdiving beetles
dc.subjectDNA barcoding
dc.subjectDytiscidae
dc.subjectiBOL
dc.subjectidentification methods
dc.subjectsampling
dc.subjectscale effect
dc.subjectspecies monophyly
dc.titleThe Effect of Geographical Scale of Sampling on DNA Barcoding
dc.typejournal-article
dc.typeEvaluation Study
dc.typeJournal Article
dc.typeResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
plymouth.author-urlhttps://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000307524200012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=11bb513d99f797142bcfeffcc58ea008
plymouth.issue5
plymouth.volume61
plymouth.publication-statusPublished
plymouth.journalSystematic Biology
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/sysbio/sys037
plymouth.organisational-group/Plymouth
plymouth.organisational-group/Plymouth/Faculty of Science and Engineering
plymouth.organisational-group/Plymouth/Faculty of Science and Engineering/School of Biological and Marine Sciences
plymouth.organisational-group/Plymouth/REF 2021 Researchers by UoA
plymouth.organisational-group/Plymouth/REF 2021 Researchers by UoA/UoA07 Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences
plymouth.organisational-group/Plymouth/Research Groups
plymouth.organisational-group/Plymouth/Research Groups/Marine Institute
plymouth.organisational-group/Plymouth/Users by role
plymouth.organisational-group/Plymouth/Users by role/Academics
dc.publisher.placeEngland
dc.identifier.eissn1076-836X
dc.rights.embargoperiodNot known
rioxxterms.versionofrecord10.1093/sysbio/sys037
rioxxterms.licenseref.urihttp://www.rioxx.net/licenses/all-rights-reserved
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Review


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