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dc.contributor.authorGajardo, K
dc.contributor.authorJaramillo-Torres, A
dc.contributor.authorKortner, TM
dc.contributor.authorMerrifield, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorTinsley, J
dc.contributor.authorBakke, AM
dc.contributor.authorKrogdahl, Å
dc.date.accessioned2017-03-16T08:54:30Z
dc.date.available2017-03-16T08:54:30Z
dc.date.issued2016-12-16
dc.identifier.issn0099-2240
dc.identifier.issn1098-5336
dc.identifier.otherARTN e02615
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/8634
dc.description.abstract

<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title> <jats:p> The present study aimed to investigate whether alternative dietary protein sources modulate the microbial communities in the distal intestine (DI) of Atlantic salmon, and whether alterations in microbiota profiles are reflected in modifications in host intestinal function and health status. A 48-day feeding trial was conducted, in which groups of fish received one of five diets: a reference diet in which fishmeal (diet FM) was the only protein source and four experimental diets with commercially relevant compositions containing alternative ingredients as partial replacements of fishmeal, i.e., poultry meal (diet PM), a mix of soybean meal and wheat gluten (diet SBMWG), a mix of soy protein concentrate and poultry meal (diet SPCPM), and guar meal and wheat gluten (diet GMWG). Samples were taken of DI digesta and mucosa for microbial profiling using high-throughput sequencing and from DI whole tissue for immunohistochemistry and expression profiling of marker genes for gut health. Regardless of diet, there were significant differences between the microbial populations in the digesta and the mucosa in the salmon DI. Microbial richness was higher in the digesta than the mucosa. The digesta-associated bacterial communities were more affected by the diet than the mucosa-associated microbiota. Interestingly, both legume-based diets (SBMWG and GMWG) presented high relative abundance of lactic acid bacteria in addition to alteration in the expression of a salmon gene related to cell proliferation ( <jats:italic>pcna</jats:italic> ). It was, however, not possible to ascertain the cause-effect relationship between changes in bacterial communities and the host's intestinal responses to the diets. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE</jats:bold> The intestine of cultivated Atlantic salmon shows symptoms of compromised function, which are most likely caused by imbalances related to the use of new feed ingredients. Intestinal microbiota profiling may become in the future a valuable endpoint measurement in order to assess fish intestinal health status and effects of diet. The present study aimed to gain information about whether alternative dietary protein sources modulate the microbial communities in the Atlantic salmon intestine and whether alterations in microbiota profiles are reflected in alterations in host intestinal function and health status. We demonstrate here that there are substantial differences between the intestinal digesta and mucosa in the presence and abundance of bacteria. The digesta-associated microbiota showed clear dependence on the diet composition, whereas mucosa-associated microbiota appeared to be less affected by diet composition. Most important, the study identified bacterial groups associated with diet-induced gut dysfunction that may be utilized as microbial markers of gut health status in fish. </jats:p>

dc.format.extentAEM.02615-16-AEM.02615-16
dc.format.mediumElectronic-Print
dc.languageen
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAmerican Society for Microbiology
dc.subjectgut microbiota
dc.subjectsalmon microbiota
dc.titleAlternative protein sources in the diet modulate microbiota and functionality in the distal intestine of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar )
dc.typejournal-article
dc.typeJournal Article
dc.typeResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
plymouth.author-urlhttps://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000393962500007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=11bb513d99f797142bcfeffcc58ea008
plymouth.issue5
plymouth.volume83
plymouth.publication-statusPublished online
plymouth.journalApplied and Environmental Microbiology
dc.identifier.doi10.1128/AEM.02615-16
plymouth.organisational-group/Plymouth
plymouth.organisational-group/Plymouth/Faculty of Science and Engineering
plymouth.organisational-group/Plymouth/Faculty of Science and Engineering/School of Biological and Marine Sciences
plymouth.organisational-group/Plymouth/REF 2021 Researchers by UoA
plymouth.organisational-group/Plymouth/REF 2021 Researchers by UoA/UoA06 Agriculture, Veterinary and Food Science
plymouth.organisational-group/Plymouth/Users by role
plymouth.organisational-group/Plymouth/Users by role/Academics
plymouth.organisational-group/Plymouth/Users by role/Researchers in ResearchFish submission
dc.publisher.placeUnited States
dcterms.dateAccepted2016-12-13
dc.identifier.eissn1098-5336
dc.rights.embargoperiodNo embargo
rioxxterms.versionofrecord10.1128/AEM.02615-16
rioxxterms.licenseref.urihttp://www.rioxx.net/licenses/all-rights-reserved
rioxxterms.licenseref.startdate2016-12-16
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Review
plymouth.oa-locationhttp://aem.asm.org/content/83/5/e02615-16


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