Brazilian translation, cross-cultural adaptation, validity and reliability of the EMPATHIC-30 questionnaire to measure parental satisfaction in intensive care units

Abstract

<jats:sec> <jats:title>OBJECTIVES:</jats:title> <jats:p>To conduct the Brazilian translation, cross-cultural adaptation, validation, and reliability testing of the EMpowerment of PArents in THe Intensive Care (EMPATHIC-30).</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>DESIGN:</jats:title> <jats:p>Prospective study.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>SETTING:</jats:title> <jats:p>PICU of a tertiary-care teaching hospital.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>PATIENTS:</jats:title> <jats:p>Parents (<jats:italic toggle="yes">n</jats:italic> = 141) completed the translated EMPATHIC-30 questionnaire 72 hours after their child’s PICU discharge.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>INTERVENTIONS:</jats:title> <jats:p>None.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:</jats:title> <jats:p>The translation and cultural adaptation were performed in accordance with the principles of good practice for the translation and cultural adaptation process for patient-reported outcomes measures. Sentences were adapted according to the Brazilian syntax. Total content validity coefficient was above the established average (&gt; 0.8). Reliability was evaluated with the coefficients McDonald omega and Cronbach alpha. The lowest Cronbach alpha found was 0.47 (CI 95%, 0.35–0.59) in the organization domain, where the lowest response rate was also concentrated. The values of the other domains were as follows: 0.64 (95% CI, 0.55–0.73) for information, 0.77 (95% CI, 0.71–0.83) for care and treatment, 0.72 (95% CI, 0.66–0.78) for parent participation, and 0.72 (95% CI, 0.65–0.79) for professional attitudes. The total internal consistency independent of the domain was 0.90 (CI 95%, 0.88–0.92). With regard to McDonald Omega, values were identified: 0.68 (95% CI, 0.49–0.88) for information, 0.73 (95% CI, 0.61–0.85) for care and treatment, 0.85 (95% CI, 0.47–0.80) for parent participation, 0.85 (95% CI, 0.76–0.93), and 0.72 (95% CI, 0.58–0.86) for professional attitudes.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:</jats:title> <jats:p>EMPATHIC-30 has been translated and culturally adapted for the Brazilian population. Validation demonstrated an above-average total content validity coefficient, confirming the instrument content validity. A sufficient reliability was observed in both analyzed coefficients. The results support the use of the Brazilian version of EMPATHIC-30 for the evaluation of parents’ satisfaction of children admitted to the PICU.</jats:p> </jats:sec>